FAQs
What is an ebike?
An ebike (e-bike or electric bike), is a bicycle with an electric motor that assists while pedaling. Ebikes combine the benefits of normal cycling with the added power of electric power, making it easier to climb hills and travel long distances. Ebikes are a great alternative to a car for getting around town, particularly in dense urban areas. The best ebikes come in various styles, from electric beach cruisers to fat tire ebikes, commuter ebikes, and even folding ebikes, and offer different levels of pedal assistance, allowing you to customize the riding experience to your needs, whether you use them for commuting, recreation, fitness, or exploring the outdoors.
How does an ebike work?
The core component of an ebike is its motor, which is normally located in the hub of the rear wheel, but may also be centrally mounted near the pedals. This motor draws energy from a rechargeable electric battery (typically lithium-ion), that is mounted on the frame. As you pedal, a sensor detects your effort, and signals the motor to provide assistance, propelling you forward with greater ease. The level of pedal assistance can be adjusted via a display on the handlebars. Some classes of ebike also feature a “push to go” throttle, allowing the rider to power the bike without pedaling at all.
How should I choose an ebike?
Take our quiz! It’s free, will help you narrow down your options, and just takes 30 seconds. Looking for more info? Well, before you buy an ebike you should consider what you’re hoping to use it for. Commuting? Leisure? Off-road riding? Fitness? Different types and classes of ebike are better suited to different purposes. The important things you need to know about the ebike you’re purchasing are its class, range, speed, and pedal assist levels and throttle. Also consider the frame (step-through or step-over), saddle and brake type, and tires. If this sounds like a lot, remember that our “Help me Choose an Ebike” quiz will do all the heavy lifting for you.
What are ebike classes?
Legally, ebikes are divided into three classes (Class I, II, and III) based on their capabilities and maximum speed. Knowing the class of your ebike is important, because it determines where you can legally ride it. In some states, for example, you can ride a Class II or I ebike on the sidewalk, but not a Class III ebike. In others, a Class II ebike rider must wear a helmet, but not a Class I rider, and so on.
What are the differences between classes of ebike?
Here are the three ebike class breakdowns:
NOTE: The definition of a Class III ebike varies slightly from state-to-state. Some states allow Class III ebikes to have a throttle, others do not. In some states, Class III ebikes do have a throttle, but it must be capped at 20 mph (even if the pedal assist speed can reach 28 mph). Our powerful electric commuter bikes fall into the latter category.
Do you need a license or insurance for an ebike?
In most of the United States, you do not need a license, registration, or insurance to ride an ebike, but this isn’t true across the board. Some states, such as Alaska, do require a license, while others, such as Hawaii, don’t require a license but require all ebikes to be registered, similar to motor vehicles. In other states, like New Jersey, you do not need a license and/or registration to ride Class I and II ebikes, but you do to ride Class III ebikes. See a full list of state-by-state ebike laws at People For Bikes.
How fast can you ride an ebike?
Legally, 28 mph is the top assisted speed you can reach on an electric bike. The electric power of your ebike’s pedal assist and/or throttle will not power you faster than this. That said, like any bicycle, an ebike can technically go as fast as you can pedal it.
How far can an ebike go?
Ebike ranges will vary based on the class of ebike, and how much pedal assist and throttle you use while riding it. Our most powerful ebikes, our electric commuter ebikes, have a 72-mile top pedal range.
Can kids ride ebikes?
It depends on your state. The laws vary state-by-state, but many states restrict ebikes to above a certain age (often 15 or 16 years). See a full list of state-by-state ebike laws at People For Bikes. Keep in mind that whether or not your child legally can ride an ebike does not mean they should ride an ebike. The Consumer Product Safety Commission says that children under the age of 13 should not operate any motorized wheeled vehicle (such as an ebike) that can travel faster than 10 mph.
Is a step-over or step-through ebike better?
It depends what you’re looking for! Both types of frames have advantages and drawbacks. That’s why almost all types of retrospec ebikes, from electric beach cruisers to fat tire bikes and long-distance commuters, are available in both step-through and step-over frames. Step-over ebikes, with their traditional frame with a high top tube, offer a sportier riding position, better handling, and generally weigh less. They're a good choice for those who prioritize performance and agility and who are comfortable swinging their leg over the higher frame. Step-through ebikes have a lower frame, with no top tube, so they’re easier to mount and dismount. This is particularly beneficial for riders with limited mobility, those who wear skirts or dresses, or anyone who will be getting on and off their bike a lot. Step-through frames are commonly chosen for casual riding styles, like beach cruisers and city bikes.
How much does an ebike cost?
Because of the electric battery, motor, throttle, and other advanced technology, electric bikes are more expensive than normal bicycles. Expect to spend at least $1,000 for a reliable ebike, and up to $2,000 for specialized, high-performance types, like commuter ebikes and fat tire ebikes.
How long does an ebike battery last?
Most ebike batteries will last for an average of three to five years, or approximately 1,000 charges. To get the most out of your bike’s battery, it’s important to follow your owner’s manual for recommendations on charging and storing your ebike. In general, though, store the bike in a cool, dry place, free from extreme temperatures or direct sunlight. If leaving your ebike stored for long periods, try to maintain it with a partial charge, somewhere between 30 and 70 percent.
What to avoid when buying an ebike?
When buying an ebike, there are several things to avoid. For starters, don’t impulse buy! Take your time, research, take our “Help Me Choose an EBike” quiz, and consider a test ride at a retrospec dealer before deciding. Also, make sure to check sizing. An ill-fitting ebike can lead to discomfort and injury.
Do you have to pedal an electric bike?
Usually, but not always. It depends on the class of ebike. All electric bikes are equipped with a pedal assist system, which requires the rider to pedal in order to move forward. Compared to a standard pedal bike, the effort required is significantly reduced thanks to the assist provided by the motor and battery. But Class II (and some Class III) electric bikes also have a throttle. This throttle allows the rider to propel the bike forward without needing to pedal. In summary, you do have to pedal Class I ebikes, you don’t have to pedal Class II ebikes, and you may or may not need to pedal Class III ebikes.
What is a torque sensor on an ebike?
A torque sensor on an ebike is a key component in the bike’s pedal assist system, which intelligently measures the force or pressure you apply to the pedals. The harder you pedal, the more assistance the ebike motor provides, creating a natural, intuitive, and responsive ride that feels like your own strength is amplified. This contrasts with simpler “cadence” sensors, which provide a set level of assist based on pedaling speed rather than effort. Ebike torque sensors are often preferred for their smooth power delivery, efficient battery use, and the engaged cycling feel that they offer.
What is an ebike throttle?
An ebike throttle is an alternative power mechanism found on some ebikes. They are typically thumb-operated and mounted on the handlebars. By default, all ebikes are powered by something called “pedal assist,” meaning the rider must pedal, at least slightly, for the bike to move and for the electric motor to start generating assistance. On ebikes with throttles, you can power the bike without pedaling at all, simply by pushing the throttle. Throttles are present only on Class II (and some Class III) ebikes. They generally have a legal speed limit of 20 mph, even if the ebike’s pedal assist feature can power it up to 28 mph.
Do you need a helmet to ride an ebike?
Yes, all ebike riders should wear a bike helmet, and in many states, wearing a helmet is legally required. Regardless of the law though, helmets are a good idea anytime you’re riding an electric bicycle. Ebikes make it easy for a rider to reach significantly higher speeds than normal bicycles, and as a result, there is a higher risk of severe injury and death for ebike riders than regular bike users. The good news is that wearing a bike helmet dramatically reduces these risks. Protect your dome!
Can you ride an ebike on the road?
It depends. In the United States, electric bike laws vary based on state, county, city, and on the three ebike classes (Class I, II, and III) that we described above. In the vast majority of U.S. states, ebikes are legally regulated just like traditional bicycles. The same road laws apply to them, and there are no registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. In a few states, however, an electric bicycle is defined as a “motor-driven cycle” and to ride on the road, ebike riders must carry an operator’s license. In other states, ebikes must be registered and/or insured. So do your homework! The good news is these laws are all easy to find and are pretty straightforward. People For Bikes has an exhaustive listing of ebike laws state-by-state, so check that out for more info on your state.
Can I ride my ebike in the rain?
Yes, you can ride your ebike in the rain. The best ebikes are designed to be water-resistant. Key electrical components like the motor, battery, and display will have seals to protect against splashes and light to moderate rain. However, it's wise to avoid riding in the rain on purpose, and particularly steer clear of heavy downpours. After riding in wet conditions, gently wipe down your bike, especially the electrical contacts and chain, and allow it to dry thoroughly.
How much can I carry on an ebike?
Every ebike has a different recommended maximum weight, but 300 to 350 pounds is a common average. See the “Specifications” tab at the bottom of your ebike’s product page for specific information on the weight that your ebike can safely carry. Keep in mind that if your ebike has a rear storage rack, it will have its own weight limit. (On our Abbott Rev Electric Commuter Bike, for example, the rear rack max load capacity is 22 lbs.) If you’re looking for ways to increase your ebike’s storage capacity, explore our ebike rear racks, bike bags, and bike baskets. You could also look into a bike trailer, some of which are made specifically for hauling cargo.
What size ebike do I need?
Ebike sizing is important both for comfort and control. Sizing is based on your height, more specifically, your inseam (the distance between the bottom of your foot to the top of the inside of your leg). Once you use our quiz to find the right bike for you, see the “Sizing” tab at the bottom of that ebike’s product page to learn how to measure your inseam and purchase the correct size bike.
What if I’m between two ebike sizes?
If your inseam measurement and our sizing chart puts you between sizes, you’ll probably be fine with either size. A slightly smaller frame size may feel more nimble, and a larger size might feel more stable. But if you’re unsure, sizing down is usually the best option. You can almost always adjust for a slightly smaller ebike frame with stem length and handlebar adjustments, but a larger frame might not be as easily accommodated.
Are ebikes hard to assemble if I buy online?
No! Our bikes arrive to you about 85% built. You’ll usually just need to attach the front wheel, handlebars, pedals, seat, and any accessories. For more information, see our Owner’s Center, or our full list of ebike assembly and owner’s manuals by ebike model. For peace of mind, you can always have your ebike assembled by a local bike shop, but the vast majority of retrospec customers have no problems setting up their ebike on their own!
Are there folding ebikes?
Yes, folding ebikes are widely available and offer a fantastic blend of portability and electric power. These foldable bikes are designed with a collapsing top tube, pedals, and handlebars, allowing them to fold into a very compact size. (Our Judd Rev Electric Folding Bike, for example, has folded dimensions of just 34” x 20” x 28”.) Folding ebikes are ideal for commuters who need to combine cycling with public transport, those with limited storage space in apartments, college dorms, or offices, or anyone looking for a portable ebike to take in a car trunk for recreational rides. You get the convenience of a traditional folding bike, with the added benefit of an electric motor to help with hills and longer distances.
Do ebikes have gears?
Yes, many ebikes have multiple gears, just like traditional bicycles. Some simpler models, like our Judd Rev Electric Folding Bike, may be single-speed. Just like any other bicycle, geared ebikes use derailleur systems or internal gear hubs, allowing you to shift gears to optimize your pedaling effort and the motor's efficiency. This is especially beneficial for tackling hills, maintaining a comfortable pedaling speed across different terrains, and for conserving your ebike’s battery life. Having ebike gears also allows for a more efficient riding experience if you're riding with the pedal assist turned off or if the battery runs out.
What are the differences between ebike tire types?
Tire choice depends on the type of ebike. While nearly all ebike tires will be wider and lower pressure than normal bicycle tires, ebikes still have a range of tire types. Wider, knobbier tires, with lower pressure, are found on fat tire ebikes. These tires are designed for optimal grip and shock absorption on varied terrains, like dirt, gravel, sand, and mud. Commuter ebikes meanwhile, will be narrower and higher-pressure, with shallower lugs and a smoother center, for efficiency on paved roads.
What's the difference between women's and men's ebikes?
The first question on our quiz will ask you your gender, but this is to help us get an idea of our customer base, not to decide which bikes are best for you. Historically, women’s bikes would be slightly smaller in terms of component size and frame geometry, with features such as a lower top tube or narrower handlebars. But in reality, there are no firm differences betweens men's ebikes and women's ebikes, and almost all modern bikes and ebikes are unisex. A properly fitting bike is based primarily on your height, specifically your inseam, and men and women come in all shapes and sizes!
What maintenance will my new ebike need?
Basic ebike care is easy! In addition to storing your bike properly, be sure to regularly check your tire pressure, keep your chain lubricated, ensure your brakes are working well, and keep your battery partially charged. Check out our Ebike Owner’s Manual for care and maintenance guidance specific to your ebike model.
What are the essential tools for electric bicycle maintenance?
Basic ebike maintenance tools are no different from that of a pedal bike. Common components include tire levers, a patch kit, a portable air pump, and chain lube. It’s also important to carry some sort of compact multi-tool, one with a variety of hex wrenches, screwdrivers and other basic tools. Some cycling multi-tools also come with a chain repair tool, which is good to have on-hand.